this would result in Zabin and the unclean through the dead being sent out from one camp [only], (1) whereas the Torah said, That they defile not their camps: (2) [this intimates,] assign a camp for this one and a camp for that one. (3) Said Raba to him: What then? there was no camp of the Israelites! (4) If so, Zabin and lepers would be sent to the same place, whereas the Torah said, He [the leper] shall dwell alone, (5) [intimating] that no other unclean person may dwell with him? — Rather, there were all three camps after all; and what is meant by ‘there were only two camps’? In respect of reception. (6) Hence it follows that in the wilderness the Levitical camp received [an involuntary homicide]? — Yes: and it was taught even so: Then I will appoint thee a place [whither he may flee]: (7) ‘thee’ [implies] in thy lifetime; (8) ‘thee a place’ [implies] in thy place; (9) ‘whither he may flee’: this teaches that they banished [a homicide] in the wilderness; whither did they banish him? To the Levitical camp. From this they deduced that if a Levite committed homicide, he was banished from one district to another; (10) and if he fled to his own [juridical] district, (11) his district receives him. Which text [teaches this]? — Said R. Aha the son of R. Ika: Because he must remain in his city of refuge: (12) [this implies,] in the city which has already provided him with refuge. (13) WHEN THEY CAME TO GILGAL [etc.]. Our Rabbis taught: Whatever could be vowed or offered as a freewill-offering (14) could be offered at a bamah; (15) what could not be vowed or offered as a freewill-offering (16) could not be offered at a Bamah. A meal-offering and [a sacrifice of] naziriteship (17) were offered at a Bamah: these are the words of R. Meir. But the Sages maintain: Only peace-offerings and burnt-offerings were sacrificed on behalf of a private individual. R. Judah said: whatever the community and an individual offered in the Tent of Meeting in the wilderness (18) were offered in the Tent of Meeting at Gilgal. (19) What was the difference between the Tent of Meeting in the wilderness and the Tent of Meeting at Gilgal? [When] the Tent of Meeting in the wilderness [existed], Bamoth were not permitted; [when] the Tent of Meeting at Gilgal [existed], Bamoth were permitted, and one could offer on his Bamah on the top of his roof (20) only burnt-offering[s] and peace-offerings. But the Sages maintain: whatever the community offered in the Tent of Meeting in the wilderness they offered in the Tent of Meeting at Gilgal. In both places (21) only burntoffering[s] and peace-offerings were offered on behalf of a private individual. R. Simeon said: Even the community offered only Passover-offerings

---

(1). ↑ Viz., the camp of the Shechinah, since both are permitted in the camp of the Israelites (Pes. 67a).
(2). ↑ Num. V, 3 q.v.; camps, plural.
(3). ↑ Each is sent into a different camp: he who is unclean through the dead is expelled from the camp of the Shechinah but permitted in the Levitical camp, whereas Zabin are expelled from the Levitical camp too.
(4). ↑ So that every place outside the Levitical camp had no status at all, and was simply like a field, whither a leper too might repair.
(5). ↑ Lev. XIII, 46.
(6). ↑ An involuntary homicide took refuge in a city specially designated for that purpose (Ex. XXI, 13; Num. XXXV, (9) seq.). In the wilderness this function was served by the Levitical camp; when they came to Shiloh, the Levitical camp lost that function.
(7). ↑ Ex. XXI, 13.
(8). ↑ Sc. in Moses’ lifetime; hence, in the wilderness.
(9). ↑ ‘Thy’ sc. Moses’ — hence, the Levitical camp.
(10). ↑ All the forty-eight Levitical cities were cities of refuge. Hence, a Levite who committed involuntary homicide fled from his own city to another Levitical city.
(11). ↑ Having committed homicide elsewhere. Rashi however reads (and Sh. M. emends): and if he fled within his own district; and explains: if he fled from one quarter to another in his own city.
(12). ↑ Num. XXXV, 28.
(13). ↑ E.g., in the case of a homicide who fled to a city of refuge, and then again committed homicide in that city, he must remain in this same city. The same therefore applies to a Levite living in that city.
(14). ↑ V. supra 2b, p. 2, n. 6.
(15). ↑ I.e., at a private Bamah, for statutory offerings were offered at the public Bamah.
(16). ↑ Statutory offerings.
(17). ↑ These were both votive, since Naziriteship itself was the result of a vow.
(18). ↑ I.e., all sacrifices.
(19). ↑ Which was a public Bamah.
(20). ↑ I.e., at a private Bamah.
(21). ↑ Sc. both at public and at private Bamoth.